How To Install and Configure Cacti

Cacti is a network graphing tool similar to MRTG.

From the official project site:

Cacti is a complete frontend to RRDTool, it stores all of the necessary information to create graphs and populate them with data in a MySQL database. The frontend is completely PHP driven. Along with being able to maintain Graphs, Data Sources, and Round Robin Archives in a database, cacti handles the data gathering. There is also SNMP support for those used to creating traffic graphs with MRTG.

Required software(s)

You need to install the following software on RHEL / Fedora / CentOS Linux:

• MySQL Server : Store cacti data.
• NET-SNMP server - SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used for network management.
• PHP with net-snmp module - Access SNMP data using PHP.
• Apache / lighttpd / ngnix webserver : Web server to display graphs created with PHP and RRDTOOL.

Install the software

First, login as root user and type the following command to install mysql, apache and php:

# yum install mysql-server mysql php-mysql php-pear php-common php-gd php-devel php php-mbstring php-cli php-snmp php-pear-Net-SMTP php-mysql httpd

Configure MySQL server

First, set root password:

# mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD

Create cacti MySQL database

Create a database called cacti, enter:

# mysql -u root -p -e 'create database cacti'

 Create a user called cacti with a password called rooter, enter:

# mysql -u root -p

mysql> GRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO cacti@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'rooter';

mysql> FLUSH privileges;

mysql> \q

Install snmpd

Type the following command to install net-snmpd

# yum install net-snmp-utils php-snmp net-snmp-libs

Configure snmpd, open /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

Append / modify it as follows (see snmpd.conf man page for details):

com2sec local localhost public

group MyRWGroup v1 local

group MyRWGroup v2c local

group MyRWGroup usm local

view all included .1 80

access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none

syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)

syscontact Root (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)

pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.4.1 /usr/bin/ucd5820stat

Save and close the file. Turn on snmpd service:

# /etc/init.d/snmpd start

# chkconfig snmpd on

Make sure you are getting information from snmpd:

# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

Sample ouptut:

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.10.10.29.68 = INTEGER: 2

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.67.yy.zz.eee = INTEGER: 3

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1

Install cacti

First, make sure EPEL repo is enabled. Type the following command to install cacti:

# yum install cacti

Install cacti tables

Type the following command to find out cacti.sql path:

# rpm -ql cacti | grep cacti.sql

Sample output:

/usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7d/cacti.sql

Type the following command to install cacti tables (you need to type the cacti user password):

# mysql -u cacti -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7d/cacti.sql

Configure cacti

Open /etc/cacti/db.php file, enter:

# vi /etc/cacti/db.php

Make changes as follows:

/* make sure these values refect your actual database/host/user/password */

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "localhost";

$database_username = "cacti";

$database_password = "rooter";

$database_port = "3306";

Save and close the file.

Configure httpd

Open /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf file, enter:

# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf

You need to update allow from line. Either set to ALL or your LAN subnet to allow access to cacti:

#

# Cacti: An rrd based graphing tool

#

Alias /cacti /usr/share/cacti

<Directory /usr/share/cacti/>

Order Deny,Allow

Deny from all

Allow from 10.0.0.0/8

</Directory>

Another option is create /usr/share/cacti/.htaccess file and password protect the directory.

Finally, restart httpd:

# service httpd restart
Setup cacti cronjob

Open /etc/cron.d/cacti file, enter:

# vi /etc/cron.d/cacti

Uncomment the line:

*/5 * * * * cacti /usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

Save and close the file.

Run cacti installer

Now cacti is ready to install. Fire a webbrowser and type the url:

 http://your.example.com/cacti/

OR

 http://your.server.ip.address/cacti/

Just follow on screen instructions. The default username and password for cacti is admin / admin. Upon first login, you will be force to change the default password.

How do I configure SNMP data collection?

SNMP can be used to monitor server traffic. Once installed login to cacti.

=> Click on Devices

=> Select Localhost

=> Make sure SNMP options are selected as follows:

Finally, click on Save button.

How do I create SNMP graphs?

• Click on "Create Graphs for this Host" link on top right side.
• Select SNMP - Interface Statistics
• Select a graph type (such as In/Out bytes with total bandwidth)
• Finally, click on Create button.

How do I view graphs?

To view graphs click on Graphs tab. Here is sample graph from one my own box:

Further readings:

Further readings:

• Cacti project
• man pages - yum, snmpd, snmpd.conf